Macroscopic urinalysis notes the amount color and clarity of the urine as well as any other visible characteristics of the urine such as the presence of blood or blood clots precipitates or sediments. It shows which colors indicate normal and abnormal values.
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The laboratory typically provides these values with the test result.
Urinalysis normal values chart. The urinary dipstick only detects the presence of albumin and no other proteins. Normal urine creatinine values generally range from 955 to 2936 milligrams mg per 24 hours for males and 601 to 1689 mg per 24 hours for females according to the mayo clinic. Fasting blood sugar 110 mgdl glycosylated hemoglobin hba1c 54 72 urea ure 10 50 mgdl creatinine cre.
Urinalysis is the physical chemical and microscopic examination of urine. Iron supplements may cause a dark brown specimen as might amounts of prophobilin or urobilin a chemical produced in the intestines normal urine is also transparent. The color table can be found on the urine test package.
Urine reference values vary based on several factors including the specific laboratory that supplies them. When urinary protein values exceed 300 500 mgd the dipstick test result becomes positive. Red urine may be due to blood haemoglobin or beetroot.
Urine is produced by the kidneys two fist sized organs located on either side of the spine at the bottom of the ribcage. A urinalysis is a group of physical chemical and microscopic tests. Thus it is a very specific but not sensitive test for proteinuria.
Normal urinary proteins values are less than 150 mgd and are undetectable using urinary dipstick. The tests detect andor measure several substances in the urine such as byproducts of normal and abnormal metabolism cells cellular fragments and bacteria. Turbid or cloudy urine may result from infection the presence of blood cells bacteria or yeast eg candida.
It involves a number of tests to detect and measure various compounds that pass through the urine. Upon reacting with the urine components the colors of the dipstick may change which is indicated as abnormal urinalysis results. Normal urine is light yellow and clear.
The chemical testing of urine is done with the help of a plastic stick dipstick that is already loaded with chemical solutions. The parameters tested by dipstick method and their normal values are given below. Macroscopic analysis of the urine is done by inspecting the physical appearance of the urine.
Then the resulting colors of the fields are compared with a color table. A patients urine test values should be interpreted based on the reference value of the laboratory in which the test was done. Depending on the concentration of the particular substance you are testing for the fields on the test strip change color.
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Interpretation Of Urinalysis And Urine Culture For Uti Treatment
Interpretation Of Urinalysis And Urine Culture For Uti Treatment
